Can’t seem to go anywhere without hearing about the magic of activated charcoal? There’s a reason for that: research suggests this substance really can work wonders.

However, in order to understand how you can use activated charcoal to your advantage, it first pays to know a little bit about the substance itself.

What is “activated” charcoal, anyway?

Activated charcoal (also known as activated carbon) is created by burning carbon-rich materials, such as:

  • bamboo
  • coconut husks
  • olive pits
  • bone char
  • wood
  • lignite
  • willow peat
  • petroleum pitch

Now, there are a few steps to take to transform this burned material into useful activated charcoal.

  1. Carbon-rich materials must be burned at around 1,500 degrees Fahrenheit (about 816 degrees Celsius) to create a charcoal powder.
  2. This powder is then charred with additional materials such as chloride salts to create a porous structure.
  3. A diluted (“watered down”) acid is then used to wash away any excess material, leaving pure carbon.
  4. Finally, the charcoal is treated with an oxidizing gas, such as steam or carbon dioxide, to create extremely fine pores.

Why is this extra surface area so important?

This final step maximizes the surface area of the activated carbon, allowing it to be more effective. How much extra surface area? According to a study published by the British Journal of Pharmacology:

so much additional surface area is created during the activation process that 50 grams of activated charcoal (which is about the weight of 20 U.S. pennies) has 17.5 times more surface area than a full-size football field.

This extremely high surface area allows activated charcoal to act as a “sponge” for harmful materials. In other words, more surface area means more space for activated charcoal to attract and trap harmful substances. So, it’s no wonder its uses vary widely!

What are the uses of activated charcoal?

One place many people might not expect to find activated charcoal? In emergency poison treatments…